Informatics Publishing Limited

Pooja Verma ¹, Arvind Bijalwan ¹, Manmohan J. R. Dobriyal ², S. L. Swamy ³, Tarun Kumar Thakur ³

Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Forest Management, Nehru Nagar, Bhopal 462 003, IN
2 Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, College of Forestry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari 396 450, IN
3 Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak 484 887, IN

Abstract

Agroforestry is a dynamic and sustainable land management system of deliberately growing woody perennials along with agricultural crops on farmlands to secure both tangible and intangible benefits to the farmers. Uttar Pradesh (UP), one of the largest and densely populated state of India in the Indo-Gangetic Plain with large agrarian communities, had a paradigm shift in the adoption of agroforestry. After successful adoption and commercialization of poplar and eucalyptus-based agroforestry models over two decades in western UP, other parts of central and eastern UP have also been attracted towards remunerative agroforestry projects in the past few years. In UP, agroforestry practices vary according to different agro-climatic zones, land capability and socio-economic status of farmers. The variation is reflected in terms of diversity in agroforestry practices, and comparative advantage prompted a renewed interest to harness the vivid potential. Drawing on the representative literature, we have reviewed the status and pattern of tree- crop combinations of agroforestry practices across various regions of the state as well as productivity under different agroforestry systems, which shows traditional agriculture transforming to multifunctional agroforestry in UP.

Keywords

Agro-Climatic Regions, Agroforestry, Paradigm Shift, Productivity, Tree–Crop Interaction.

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Gayatri Raina ¹, Pooja Verma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, H. P. University, Summer Hill, Shimla, IN

Abstract

The present research focuses on academic achievement among adolescents in relation to parent-child relationship. The sample for the study comprised of 100 adolescents i.e. 50 boys and 50 girls in the age group of 14 to 16 years. The entire sample was drawn from the various public schools of Shimla town of Himachal Pradesh. Parent Child relationship scale (Nalini Rao, 1989) and academic achievement was assessed on the basis of total scores of annual examination was administered on the selected sample of boys and girls. T-test was carried out to see the significance of difference between boys and girls on academic achievement. Furthermore, correlation and regression analysis was employed to find out the effect of parent-child relationship on academic achievement. Results indicated that adolescent boys and girls share different relationship with their parents and this relationship affect their academic achievement. Overall, boys scored higher on academic achievement as compare to girls. Neglection and object punishment from father have a significant relation with the academic achievement of boys. On the other hand, protection from fathers has a significant and positive relation with the academic achievement of girls.

Keywords

Parent Child Relationship, Adolescents, Boys and Girls, Academic Achievement.

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Pooja Verma ¹, Shahid Ahmed ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Economics, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, IN

Abstract

Objective:The study attempts to explore the usage of anti-dumping duty measures by developed and developing countries against Indian exports for the period 1995 to 2015.The present study identifies the pattern and direction of anti-dumping measures against India.

Methods/Analysis: The study uses secondary databases such as Global antidumping database and WTO reports on antidumping for the analysis of the period 1995 to 2015. The compiled information on 167 antidumping cases against Indian exports is disaggregated into countries and industries level. The trend analysis is performed for 20 years through the computation of percentages and averages.

Findings: The trend analysis of data points out that a large number of anti-dumping actions are invoked by the few developed countries, while a large number of developing countries invoked few anti-dumping measures against India. At an aggregate level, the frequency of cases against Indian exports comes in the fourth rank. At the sectoral level, antidumping cases target those export sectors in which India has a competitive advantage. Particularly, antidumping cases against Indian exports are localised in a few industries only.

Application: Finally, the study concludes with the emphasis on capacity building initiatives on ADMs at the industry level to prepare Indian exporting firms to cope up with such trade barriers.

Keywords

Anti-Dumping, Exports, Case Study, India, Industry Study.

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Arvind Bijalwan ¹, Pooja Verma ¹, Manmohan J. R. Dobriyal ², A. K. Patil ³, Tarun Kumar Thakur ⁴, C. M. Sharma ⁵

Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Forest Management, Nehru Nagar, Bhopal 462 003, IN
2 Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, College of Forestry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari 396 450, IN
3 Madhya Pradesh Forest Department, Bhopal 462 004, IN
4 Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak 484 887, IN
5 College of Forestry, VCSG Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Hill Campus, Ranichauri, Tehri Garhwal 249 199, IN

Abstract

Agroforestry practices in Madhya Pradesh (MP), India existed in the primordial times, which can be evidenced almost in every region of the state; however, the pace of scientific inclusion in agroforestry and its extension is quite slow. There is lack of priority and limited work has been done related to agroforestry practices, possibly due to the presence of large natural forest area in the state. In the present context, to meet the national target of forest cover and to reduce pressure on nature forest, agroforestry seems to be a viable option as it provides a source of income for farming and tribal communities along with countless environmental benefits. This article provides a review and insight of agroforestry and extent of agriculture, horticulture and agroforestry in MP. It also provides information on diverse tree species under agroforestry systems, a mosaic of tree–crop combinations and horticulture species preferred by the farmers in different agro-climatic zones of the state. The authors have also tried to enlist the efforts of various government initiatives and other agencies involved in the extension of agroforestry in the state. The roles of MP Forest Department, MP Forest Development Corporation and allied Departments of the state in agroforestry and tree planting have also been discussed. Marketing of agroforestry produce, farmers’ involvement in agroforestry practices and identification of key policy constraints of agroforestry in the state have been discussed and critically analysed.

Keywords

Agroforestry Practices, Agriculture, Agroclimatic Regions, Horticulture.

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Pooja Verma ¹, D. Blaise ¹, J. Annie Sheeba ¹, A. Manikandan ¹

Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur 440 010, IN

Abstract

Allelochemicals released by plants serve as the primary defence by targeting the establishment of weeds and other plants. In this study, 12 different intercrops were assessed over five seasons for total phenol and terpenoid content. A detailed analysis on allelochemi-cals produced was also done using gas chromatog-raphy–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) to correlate with their weed suppression efficiency. Total phenol con-tent of intercrops ranged from 6.5 to 17.6 mg g^–1 tissue dry wt, with the highest value in carom followed by sorghum, sunnhemp and marigold. Total terpenoid content of leaf extracts of the intercrops varied from 14.5 to 35.9 μg g^–1 tissue dry wt, wherein pearl millet had maximum terpenoid content (35.9 μg g^–1 tissue dry wt) followed by sunnhemp and sesame. Analysis using GC–MS indicated the presence of some unique as well as common allelochemicals in the experimental intercrops. To correlate the abundance of these allelo-chemicals released from intercrops with their weed suppression competence, relative neighbour effect (RNE) value was determined for each intercrop. Posi-tive RNE values for sunnhemp, pearl millet and sesame indicate their efficiency in effectively reducing weed population than the other intercrops. Thus, in-tercrops with high phenolic, terpenoid and other alle-lochemicals specific to sunnhemp, pearl millet and sesame can be correlated well with weed suppression as perceptible from their RNE values.

Keywords

Allelochemicals, Allelopathic Potential, In-Tercrops, Rainfed Cotton, Relative Neighbour Effect.

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Himanshu Kumar ¹, Pooja Verma ², Suchit A. John ³, D. Blaise ²

Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur 441 108, India; Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad 221 007, India
2 ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur 441 108, India
3 Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad 221 007, India

Abstract

Water stress has a detrimental effect on growth and development, which alters physio-biochemical activities. Seed priming with elicitors such as methyl jasmonate and paclobutrazol can mitigate the impact of drought stress. Therefore, pot-culture studies were conducted with drought-tolerant (DTS-155) and drought-suscep­tible (IC-357055) cotton genotypes to assess the seed priming effects of elicitors (methyl jasmonate and paclobutrazol) on the physio-biochemical changes and gene expression. The dose (50, 100, 150 and 200 mM) and time interval (1.5 and 2.5 h) experiments of both the elicitors were performed separately. On the basis of germination, seedling growth and vigour, a 150 mM elicitor for 1.5 h time interval was found to be the best. Biochemical and physiological parameters confirmed an increase in relative water content, total antioxidant activities, chlorophyll, superoxide dismutase, catalase and proline under drought stress in both the genotypes, but a decrease in lipid peroxidation. Among the elicitors, methyl jasmonate improved drought tolerance as compared to paclobutrazol. Gene expression studies with Rub-S, Rub-L and Osmotin confirmed the results. Transcript abundance of Osmotin and Rub-L was upregulated under drought stress in both the genotypes and was highest in methyl jasmonate primed samples. These findings suggest that priming with methyl jasmonate enhances drought tolerance in cotton

Keywords

Drought responsive gene, Gossypium hirsu-tum, methyl jasmonate, paclobutrazol, seed priming

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